Infertility generally means not becoming pregnant after 12 months of regular unprotected intercourse, or after 6 months when the female partner is over 35. Earlier assessment is appropriate with known risk factors.
What infertility evaluation is
Evaluation looks at both partners because female and male factors can coexist. The goal is to identify treatable causes, explain realistic options and avoid invasive tests that are not indicated.
When to seek help
- No pregnancy after the usual time threshold
- Very irregular or absent periods
- Previous pelvic infection, ectopic pregnancy, cancer treatment or reproductive surgery
- Known sperm concern, sexual difficulty or repeated pregnancy loss
Diagnostic process
The first visit covers menstrual, pregnancy, sexual, medical and medicine history. Tests may include semen analysis, ovulation assessment, thyroid or prolactin testing, ultrasound, ovarian-reserve tests and tubal assessment by HSG or sonography. Not everyone needs every test.
Available treatment options
Treatment depends on cause and may include timing advice, management of thyroid or metabolic disease, ovulation medicines, surgery for selected structural problems, or referral for IUI or IVF. Age and duration of infertility influence timing.
Why laparoscopy may or may not be appropriate
Laparoscopy can diagnose and treat selected endometriosis, adhesions or tubal disease, but it is invasive and not a routine first test. It is considered when symptoms or prior results suggest findings that would change management.
What to expect
Many core tests can be completed across one or more menstrual cycles. Results are reviewed together before a plan is chosen. Some couples have unexplained infertility even after standard evaluation.
Risks and limitations
- Ovarian-reserve tests estimate response but do not prove natural fertility or egg quality
- Tubal tests can be uncomfortable and rarely cause infection
- Fertility treatments do not guarantee pregnancy and may carry multiple-pregnancy or ovarian-stimulation risks
- Emotional and financial impact should be discussed honestly
Hospital facilities and referral
Anand Hospital provides obstetric and gynaecology consultation, ultrasound and diagnostic coordination, operating-theatre and anaesthesia support, maternity and inpatient care, and 24×7 emergency care.
Evaluation and selected treatment are offered according to clinical suitability. Advanced assisted reproduction or specialised male-factor care may require referral to an appropriate fertility centre.
Treating doctor
Dr Nidhi Thakur
Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist with 20+ years in obstetrics, gynaecology, laparoscopy, hysteroscopy and infertility care
View doctor profileFrequently asked questions
Should both partners attend?
Yes when possible. Semen analysis is an early, important test and a couple-centred history avoids delay.
Is laparoscopy required before IVF?
Not routinely. It is used only when the expected finding is likely to change treatment.
Does AMH tell whether I can become pregnant naturally?
No. AMH mainly reflects ovarian reserve and response to stimulation; it does not directly measure egg quality or guarantee pregnancy.
Medical information sources
Medical disclaimer: This information is provided for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical concerns.
