Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body does not use insulin effectively and blood glucose remains too high. Early diagnosis and consistent care can reduce complications.
What Causes Type 2 Diabetes?
Genes, age and family history can contribute, while excess body weight, limited activity and a history of gestational diabetes may increase risk. It is not caused by one food or personal failure.
Common Symptoms
Some people have no obvious symptoms, particularly early on.
- Increased thirst or frequent urination
- Unexplained tiredness or weight change
- Blurred vision
- Slow-healing wounds or recurrent infections
- Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
How It Is Diagnosed
Healthcare professionals use blood tests such as fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c or an oral glucose tolerance test. A clinician should interpret and confirm results.
Everyday Management
- Eat balanced meals with vegetables, fibre-rich foods and appropriate portions
- Be active as advised for your health
- Take medicines or insulin exactly as prescribed
- Monitor glucose when your care plan recommends it
- Attend checks for blood pressure, cholesterol, kidneys, eyes and feet
Preventing Complications
Keeping glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol near agreed targets helps protect the heart, kidneys, eyes, nerves and feet. Report foot wounds or vision changes promptly.
Medical disclaimer: This information is provided for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical concerns.
